6720349: (ch) Channels tests depending on hosts inside Sun

Summary: This changeset make the nio tests start small TCP or UDP servers from within the tests, instead of relying on external services.
Reviewed-by: alanb

--HG--
rename : test/java/nio/channels/TestUtil.java => test/java/nio/channels/TestServers.java

20 files changed, 1214 insertions, 244 deletions

diff --git a/test/java/nio/channels/DatagramChannel/AdaptDatagramSocket.java b/test/java/nio/channels/DatagramChannel/AdaptDatagramSocket.java
index 022455fe4..1763ef3a1 100644
--- a/test/java/nio/channels/DatagramChannel/AdaptDatagramSocket.java
+++ b/test/java/nio/channels/DatagramChannel/AdaptDatagramSocket.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,29 +27,16 @@
  * @library ..
  */
 
-import java.io.*;
 import java.net.*;
-import java.nio.*;
 import java.nio.channels.*;
-import java.nio.charset.*;
 import java.util.*;
 
 
 public class AdaptDatagramSocket {
 
     static java.io.PrintStream out = System.out;
-
     static Random rand = new Random();
 
-    static final int ECHO_PORT = 7;
-    static final int DISCARD_PORT = 9;
-    static final String REMOTE_HOST = TestUtil.HOST;
-
-    static final InetSocketAddress echoAddress
-        = new InetSocketAddress(REMOTE_HOST, ECHO_PORT);
-    static final InetSocketAddress discardAddress
-        = new InetSocketAddress(REMOTE_HOST, DISCARD_PORT);
-
     static String toString(DatagramPacket dp) {
         return ("DatagramPacket[off=" + dp.getOffset()
                 + ", len=" + dp.getLength()
@@ -88,10 +75,11 @@ public class AdaptDatagramSocket {
         out.println("rtt: " + (System.currentTimeMillis() - start));
         out.println("post op: " + toString(op) + "  ip: " + toString(ip));
 
-        for (int i = 0; i < ip.getLength(); i++)
+        for (int i = 0; i < ip.getLength(); i++) {
             if (ip.getData()[ip.getOffset() + i]
                 != op.getData()[op.getOffset() + i])
                 throw new Exception("Incorrect data received");
+        }
 
         if (!(ip.getSocketAddress().equals(dst))) {
             throw new Exception("Incorrect sender address, expected: " + dst
@@ -130,8 +118,9 @@ public class AdaptDatagramSocket {
             ds.setSoTimeout(timeout);
         out.println("timeout: " + ds.getSoTimeout());
 
-        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
+        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
             test(ds, dst, shouldTimeout);
+        }
 
         // Leave the socket open so that we don't reuse the old src address
         //ds.close();
@@ -139,10 +128,23 @@ public class AdaptDatagramSocket {
     }
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        test(echoAddress, 0, false, false);
-        test(echoAddress, 0, false, true);
-        test(echoAddress, 5000, false, false);
-        test(discardAddress, 10, true, false);
+        // need an UDP echo server
+        try (TestServers.UdpEchoServer echoServer
+                = TestServers.UdpEchoServer.startNewServer(100)) {
+            final InetSocketAddress address
+                = new InetSocketAddress(echoServer.getAddress(),
+                                        echoServer.getPort());
+            test(address, 0, false, false);
+            test(address, 0, false, true);
+            test(address, 5000, false, false);
+        }
+        try (TestServers.UdpDiscardServer discardServer
+                = TestServers.UdpDiscardServer.startNewServer()) {
+            final InetSocketAddress address
+                = new InetSocketAddress(discardServer.getAddress(),
+                                        discardServer.getPort());
+            test(address, 10, true, false);
+        }
     }
 
 }
diff --git a/test/java/nio/channels/DatagramChannel/IsBound.java b/test/java/nio/channels/DatagramChannel/IsBound.java
index 6fae66812..7a028ec9b 100644
--- a/test/java/nio/channels/DatagramChannel/IsBound.java
+++ b/test/java/nio/channels/DatagramChannel/IsBound.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -34,21 +34,25 @@ import java.nio.channels.*;
 
 public class IsBound {
     public static void main(String argv[]) throws Exception {
-        InetSocketAddress isa = new InetSocketAddress(
-            InetAddress.getByName(TestUtil.HOST), 13);
-        ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(256);
-        bb.put("hello".getBytes());
-        bb.flip();
+        try (TestServers.UdpDayTimeServer daytimeServer
+                = TestServers.UdpDayTimeServer.startNewServer(100)) {
+            InetSocketAddress isa = new InetSocketAddress(
+                daytimeServer.getAddress(),
+                daytimeServer.getPort());
+            ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(256);
+            bb.put("hello".getBytes());
+            bb.flip();
 
-        DatagramChannel dc = DatagramChannel.open();
-        dc.send(bb, isa);
-        if(!dc.socket().isBound())
-            throw new Exception("Test failed");
-        dc.close();
+            DatagramChannel dc = DatagramChannel.open();
+            dc.send(bb, isa);
+            if(!dc.socket().isBound())
+                throw new Exception("Test failed");
+            dc.close();
 
-        dc = DatagramChannel.open();
-        if(dc.socket().isBound())
-            throw new Exception("Test failed");
-        dc.close();
+            dc = DatagramChannel.open();
+            if(dc.socket().isBound())
+                throw new Exception("Test failed");
+            dc.close();
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/java/nio/channels/DatagramChannel/IsConnected.java b/test/java/nio/channels/DatagramChannel/IsConnected.java
index f71d8696c..db4cb8969 100644
--- a/test/java/nio/channels/DatagramChannel/IsConnected.java
+++ b/test/java/nio/channels/DatagramChannel/IsConnected.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -28,21 +28,23 @@
  */
 
 import java.net.*;
-import java.nio.*;
 import java.nio.channels.*;
 
 
 public class IsConnected {
     public static void main(String argv[]) throws Exception {
-        InetSocketAddress isa = new InetSocketAddress(
-            InetAddress.getByName(TestUtil.HOST), 13);
-        DatagramChannel dc = DatagramChannel.open();
-        dc.configureBlocking(true);
-        dc.connect(isa);
-        if  (!dc.isConnected())
-            throw new RuntimeException("channel.isConnected inconsistent");
-        if (!dc.socket().isConnected())
-            throw new RuntimeException("socket.isConnected inconsistent");
-        dc.close();
+        try (TestServers.UdpDayTimeServer daytimeServer
+                = TestServers.UdpDayTimeServer.startNewServer(100)) {
+            InetSocketAddress isa = new InetSocketAddress(
+                daytimeServer.getAddress(), daytimeServer.getPort());
+            DatagramChannel dc = DatagramChannel.open();
+            dc.configureBlocking(true);
+            dc.connect(isa);
+            if  (!dc.isConnected())
+                throw new RuntimeException("channel.isConnected inconsistent");
+            if (!dc.socket().isConnected())
+                throw new RuntimeException("socket.isConnected inconsistent");
+            dc.close();
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/java/nio/channels/Selector/Alias.java b/test/java/nio/channels/Selector/Alias.java
index c3554b9cc..731703bd4 100644
--- a/test/java/nio/channels/Selector/Alias.java
+++ b/test/java/nio/channels/Selector/Alias.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, 2002, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,12 +27,11 @@
  * @library ..
  */
 
-import java.io.*;
 import java.net.*;
 import java.nio.*;
 import java.nio.channels.*;
-import java.util.*;
 import java.nio.channels.spi.SelectorProvider;
+import java.util.*;
 
 public class Alias {
 
@@ -40,18 +39,26 @@ public class Alias {
     static int LIMIT = 20; // Hangs after just 1 if problem is present
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        test1();
+        try (TestServers.DayTimeServer daytimeServer
+                = TestServers.DayTimeServer.startNewServer(100)) {
+            test1(daytimeServer);
+        }
     }
 
-    public static void test1() throws Exception {
+    static void test1(TestServers.DayTimeServer daytimeServer) throws Exception {
         Selector selector = SelectorProvider.provider().openSelector();
-        InetAddress myAddress=InetAddress.getByName(TestUtil.HOST);
-        InetSocketAddress isa = new InetSocketAddress(myAddress,13);
+        InetAddress myAddress = daytimeServer.getAddress();
+        InetSocketAddress isa
+            = new InetSocketAddress(myAddress,
+                                    daytimeServer.getPort());
 
         for (int j=0; j<LIMIT; j++) {
             SocketChannel sc = SocketChannel.open();
             sc.configureBlocking(false);
             boolean result = sc.connect(isa);
+
+            // On some platforms - given that we're using a local server,
+            // we may not enter into the if () { } statement below...
             if (!result) {
                 SelectionKey key = sc.register(selector,
                                                SelectionKey.OP_CONNECT);
diff --git a/test/java/nio/channels/Selector/BasicConnect.java b/test/java/nio/channels/Selector/BasicConnect.java
index 61575b153..e440fe7ee 100644
--- a/test/java/nio/channels/Selector/BasicConnect.java
+++ b/test/java/nio/channels/Selector/BasicConnect.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,12 +27,10 @@
  * @library ..
  */
 
-import java.io.*;
 import java.net.*;
 import java.nio.*;
 import java.nio.channels.*;
 import java.nio.channels.spi.SelectorProvider;
-import java.nio.charset.*;
 import java.util.*;
 
 
@@ -44,52 +42,57 @@ import java.util.*;
 
 public class BasicConnect {
 
-    static final int PORT = 7;          // echo
-    static final String HOST = TestUtil.HOST;
-
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         Selector connectSelector =
             SelectorProvider.provider().openSelector();
-        InetSocketAddress isa
-            = new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getByName(HOST), PORT);
-        SocketChannel sc = SocketChannel.open();
-        sc.configureBlocking(false);
-        boolean result = sc.connect(isa);
-        while (!result) {
-            SelectionKey connectKey = sc.register(connectSelector,
-                                                  SelectionKey.OP_CONNECT);
-            int keysAdded = connectSelector.select();
-            if (keysAdded > 0) {
-                Set readyKeys = connectSelector.selectedKeys();
-                Iterator i = readyKeys.iterator();
-                while (i.hasNext()) {
-                    SelectionKey sk = (SelectionKey)i.next();
-                    i.remove();
-                    SocketChannel nextReady = (SocketChannel)sk.channel();
-                    result = nextReady.finishConnect();
-                    if (result)
-                        sk.cancel();
+        try (TestServers.EchoServer echoServer
+                = TestServers.EchoServer.startNewServer(100)) {
+            InetSocketAddress isa
+                = new InetSocketAddress(echoServer.getAddress(),
+                                        echoServer.getPort());
+            SocketChannel sc = SocketChannel.open();
+            sc.configureBlocking(false);
+            boolean result = sc.connect(isa);
+            if (result) {
+                System.out.println("Socket immediately connected on "
+                        + System.getProperty("os.name")
+                        + ": " + sc);
+            }
+            while (!result) {
+                SelectionKey connectKey = sc.register(connectSelector,
+                                                      SelectionKey.OP_CONNECT);
+                int keysAdded = connectSelector.select();
+                if (keysAdded > 0) {
+                    Set readyKeys = connectSelector.selectedKeys();
+                    Iterator i = readyKeys.iterator();
+                    while (i.hasNext()) {
+                        SelectionKey sk = (SelectionKey)i.next();
+                        i.remove();
+                        SocketChannel nextReady = (SocketChannel)sk.channel();
+                        result = nextReady.finishConnect();
+                        if (result)
+                            sk.cancel();
+                    }
                 }
             }
-        }
 
-        byte[] bs = new byte[] { (byte)0xca, (byte)0xfe,
-                                 (byte)0xba, (byte)0xbe };
-        ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.wrap(bs);
-        sc.configureBlocking(true);
-        sc.write(bb);
-        bb.rewind();
+            byte[] bs = new byte[] { (byte)0xca, (byte)0xfe,
+                                     (byte)0xba, (byte)0xbe };
+            ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.wrap(bs);
+            sc.configureBlocking(true);
+            sc.write(bb);
+            bb.rewind();
 
-        ByteBuffer bb2 = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(100);
-        int n = sc.read(bb2);
-        bb2.flip();
+            ByteBuffer bb2 = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(100);
+            int n = sc.read(bb2);
+            bb2.flip();
 
-        sc.close();
-        connectSelector.close();
+            sc.close();
+            connectSelector.close();
 
-        if (!bb.equals(bb2))
-            throw new Exception("Echoed bytes incorrect: Sent "
-                                + bb + ", got " + bb2);
+            if (!bb.equals(bb2))
+                throw new Exception("Echoed bytes incorrect: Sent "
+                                    + bb + ", got " + bb2);
+        }
     }
-
 }
diff --git a/test/java/nio/channels/Selector/Connect.java b/test/java/nio/channels/Selector/Connect.java
index af1ce984e..67f48d8eb 100644
--- a/test/java/nio/channels/Selector/Connect.java
+++ b/test/java/nio/channels/Selector/Connect.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,12 +27,11 @@
  * @library ..
  */
 
-import java.io.*;
 import java.net.*;
 import java.nio.*;
 import java.nio.channels.*;
-import java.util.*;
 import java.nio.channels.spi.SelectorProvider;
+import java.util.*;
 
 public class Connect {
 
@@ -40,12 +39,18 @@ public class Connect {
     static int LIMIT = 100;
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        scaleTest();
+        try (TestServers.DayTimeServer daytimeServer
+                = TestServers.DayTimeServer.startNewServer(50)) {
+            scaleTest(daytimeServer);
+        }
     }
 
-    public static void scaleTest() throws Exception {
-        InetAddress myAddress=InetAddress.getByName(TestUtil.HOST);
-        InetSocketAddress isa = new InetSocketAddress(myAddress,13);
+    static void scaleTest(TestServers.DayTimeServer daytimeServer)
+        throws Exception
+    {
+        InetAddress myAddress = daytimeServer.getAddress();
+        InetSocketAddress isa
+            = new InetSocketAddress(myAddress, daytimeServer.getPort());
 
         for (int j=0; j<LIMIT; j++) {
             SocketChannel sc = SocketChannel.open();
diff --git a/test/java/nio/channels/Selector/ConnectWrite.java b/test/java/nio/channels/Selector/ConnectWrite.java
index 904f3a64a..f1ce97580 100644
--- a/test/java/nio/channels/Selector/ConnectWrite.java
+++ b/test/java/nio/channels/Selector/ConnectWrite.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,23 +27,25 @@
  * @library ..
  */
 
-import java.io.*;
 import java.net.*;
-import java.nio.*;
 import java.nio.channels.*;
-import java.util.*;
 import java.nio.channels.spi.SelectorProvider;
+import java.util.*;
 
 public class ConnectWrite {
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        test1(13);
+        try (TestServers.DayTimeServer daytimeServer
+                = TestServers.DayTimeServer.startNewServer(25)) {
+            test1(daytimeServer);
+        }
     }
 
-    public static void test1(int port) throws Exception {
+    static void test1(TestServers.DayTimeServer daytimeServer) throws Exception {
         Selector selector = SelectorProvider.provider().openSelector();
-        InetAddress myAddress=InetAddress.getByName(TestUtil.HOST);
-        InetSocketAddress isa = new InetSocketAddress(myAddress, port);
+        InetAddress myAddress = daytimeServer.getAddress();
+        InetSocketAddress isa
+            = new InetSocketAddress(myAddress, daytimeServer.getPort());
         SocketChannel sc = SocketChannel.open();
         try {
             sc.configureBlocking(false);
diff --git a/test/java/nio/channels/Selector/KeysReady.java b/test/java/nio/channels/Selector/KeysReady.java
index ba09a4c6e..de27aa4a5 100644
--- a/test/java/nio/channels/Selector/KeysReady.java
+++ b/test/java/nio/channels/Selector/KeysReady.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -28,21 +28,15 @@
  */
 
 import java.net.*;
-import java.io.*;
-import java.nio.*;
 import java.nio.channels.*;
-import java.nio.charset.*;
 import java.nio.channels.spi.SelectorProvider;
 
 public class KeysReady {
 
-    static final int DAYTIME_PORT = 13;
-    static final String DAYTIME_HOST = TestUtil.HOST;
-
-    static void test() throws Exception {
+    static void test(TestServers.DayTimeServer dayTimeServer) throws Exception {
         InetSocketAddress isa
-            = new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getByName(DAYTIME_HOST),
-                                    DAYTIME_PORT);
+            = new InetSocketAddress(dayTimeServer.getAddress(),
+                                    dayTimeServer.getPort());
         SocketChannel sc = SocketChannel.open();
         sc.configureBlocking(false);
         sc.connect(isa);
@@ -64,7 +58,10 @@ public class KeysReady {
     }
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        test();
+        try (TestServers.DayTimeServer daytimeServer
+                = TestServers.DayTimeServer.startNewServer(50)) {
+            test(daytimeServer);
+        }
     }
 
 }
diff --git a/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/AdaptSocket.java b/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/AdaptSocket.java
index d479b49ef..1e1fdee80 100644
--- a/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/AdaptSocket.java
+++ b/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/AdaptSocket.java
@@ -35,19 +35,16 @@ public class AdaptSocket {
 
     static java.io.PrintStream out = System.out;
 
-    static final int ECHO_PORT = 7;
-    static final int DAYTIME_PORT = 13;
-    static final String REMOTE_HOST = TestUtil.HOST;
-    static final String VERY_REMOTE_HOST = TestUtil.FAR_HOST;
-
-    static void test(String hn, int timeout, boolean shouldTimeout)
+    static void test(TestServers.DayTimeServer dayTimeServer,
+                     int timeout,
+                     boolean shouldTimeout)
         throws Exception
     {
         out.println();
 
         InetSocketAddress isa
-            = new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getByName(hn),
-                                    DAYTIME_PORT);
+            = new InetSocketAddress(dayTimeServer.getAddress(),
+                                    dayTimeServer.getPort());
         SocketChannel sc = SocketChannel.open();
         Socket so = sc.socket();
         out.println("opened: " + so);
@@ -116,13 +113,16 @@ public class AdaptSocket {
         }
     }
 
-    static void testRead(String hn, int timeout, boolean shouldTimeout)
+    static void testRead(TestServers.EchoServer echoServer,
+                         int timeout,
+                         boolean shouldTimeout)
         throws Exception
     {
         out.println();
 
         InetSocketAddress isa
-            = new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getByName(hn), ECHO_PORT);
+            = new InetSocketAddress(echoServer.getAddress(),
+                                    echoServer.getPort());
         SocketChannel sc = SocketChannel.open();
         sc.connect(isa);
         Socket so = sc.socket();
@@ -134,22 +134,38 @@ public class AdaptSocket {
         out.println("timeout: " + so.getSoTimeout());
 
         testRead(so, shouldTimeout);
-        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
+        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
             testRead(so, shouldTimeout);
+        }
 
         sc.close();
     }
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
 
-        test(REMOTE_HOST, 0, false);
-        test(REMOTE_HOST, 1000, false);
-        test(VERY_REMOTE_HOST, 10, true);
+        try (TestServers.DayTimeServer dayTimeServer
+                = TestServers.DayTimeServer.startNewServer()) {
+            test(dayTimeServer, 0, false);
+            test(dayTimeServer, 1000, false);
+        }
+
+        try (TestServers.DayTimeServer lingerDayTimeServer
+                = TestServers.DayTimeServer.startNewServer(100)) {
+            // this test no longer really test the connection timeout
+            // since there is no way to prevent the server from eagerly
+            // accepting connection...
+            test(lingerDayTimeServer, 10, true);
+        }
 
-        testRead(REMOTE_HOST, 0, false);
-        testRead(REMOTE_HOST, 8000, false);
-        testRead(VERY_REMOTE_HOST, 10, true);
+        try (TestServers.EchoServer echoServer
+                = TestServers.EchoServer.startNewServer()) {
+            testRead(echoServer, 0, false);
+            testRead(echoServer, 8000, false);
+        }
 
+        try (TestServers.EchoServer lingerEchoServer
+                = TestServers.EchoServer.startNewServer(100)) {
+            testRead(lingerEchoServer, 10, true);
+        }
     }
-
 }
diff --git a/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/Basic.java b/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/Basic.java
index 79ea9ced2..9cf789f20 100644
--- a/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/Basic.java
+++ b/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/Basic.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2000, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,13 +36,10 @@ public class Basic {
 
     static java.io.PrintStream out = System.out;
 
-    static final int DAYTIME_PORT = 13;
-    static final String DAYTIME_HOST = TestUtil.HOST;
-
-    static void test() throws Exception {
+    static void test(TestServers.DayTimeServer daytimeServer) throws Exception {
         InetSocketAddress isa
-            = new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getByName(DAYTIME_HOST),
-                                    DAYTIME_PORT);
+            = new InetSocketAddress(daytimeServer.getAddress(),
+                                    daytimeServer.getPort());
         SocketChannel sc = SocketChannel.open(isa);
         out.println("opened: " + sc);
         /*
@@ -76,7 +73,10 @@ public class Basic {
     }
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        test();
+        try (TestServers.DayTimeServer dayTimeServer
+                = TestServers.DayTimeServer.startNewServer(100)) {
+            test(dayTimeServer);
+        }
     }
 
 }
diff --git a/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/BufferSize.java b/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/BufferSize.java
index f7d84bb86..736d0e141 100644
--- a/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/BufferSize.java
+++ b/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/BufferSize.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -28,17 +28,10 @@
  */
 
 import java.nio.channels.*;
-import java.net.*;
 
 public class BufferSize {
 
-    static final int DAYTIME_PORT = 13;
-    static final String DAYTIME_HOST = TestUtil.HOST;
-
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        InetSocketAddress isa
-            = new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getByName(DAYTIME_HOST),
-                                    DAYTIME_PORT);
         ServerSocketChannel sc = ServerSocketChannel.open();
         try {
             sc.socket().setReceiveBufferSize(-1);
diff --git a/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/Connect.java b/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/Connect.java
index 260bf53da..76a32e732 100644
--- a/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/Connect.java
+++ b/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/Connect.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,9 +27,9 @@
  * @library ..
  */
 
+import java.net.*;
 import java.nio.*;
 import java.nio.channels.*;
-import java.net.*;
 import java.util.*;
 
 public class Connect {
@@ -37,21 +37,26 @@ public class Connect {
     private static final long INCREMENTAL_DELAY = 30L * 1000L;
 
     public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
-        test1(TestUtil.HOST);
+        try (TestServers.EchoServer echoServer
+                = TestServers.EchoServer.startNewServer(1000)) {
+            test1(echoServer);
+        }
         try {
-            test1(TestUtil.REFUSING_HOST);
+            TestServers.RefusingServer refusingServer
+                = TestServers.RefusingServer.startNewServer();
+            test1(refusingServer);
             throw new Exception("Refused connection throws no exception");
         } catch (ConnectException ce) {
             // Correct result
         }
     }
 
-    static void test1(String hostname) throws Exception {
+    static void test1(TestServers.AbstractServer server) throws Exception {
         Selector selector;
         SocketChannel sc;
         SelectionKey sk;
         InetSocketAddress isa = new InetSocketAddress(
-            InetAddress.getByName (hostname), 80);
+            server.getAddress(), server.getPort());
         sc = SocketChannel.open();
         sc.configureBlocking(false);
 
diff --git a/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/ConnectState.java b/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/ConnectState.java
index 9c86d9649..df7d0cdad 100644
--- a/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/ConnectState.java
+++ b/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/ConnectState.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -30,20 +30,39 @@ import java.io.*;
 import java.net.*;
 import java.nio.*;
 import java.nio.channels.*;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashSet;
 
 
 public class ConnectState {
 
     static PrintStream log = System.err;
 
-    static String REMOTE_HOST = TestUtil.HOST;
-    static int REMOTE_PORT = 7;                         // echo
     static InetSocketAddress remote;
 
     final static int ST_UNCONNECTED = 0;
     final static int ST_PENDING = 1;
     final static int ST_CONNECTED = 2;
     final static int ST_CLOSED = 3;
+    final static int ST_PENDING_OR_CONNECTED = 4;
+    // NO exceptions expected
+    final static Collection<Class<?>> NONE = Collections.emptySet();
+
+    // make a set of expected exception.
+    static Collection<Class<?>> expectedExceptions(Class<?>... expected) {
+        final Collection<Class<?>> exceptions;
+        if (expected.length == 0) {
+            exceptions = NONE;
+        } else if (expected.length == 1) {
+            assert expected[0] != null;
+            exceptions = Collections.<Class<?>>singleton(expected[0]);
+        } else {
+            exceptions = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(expected));
+        }
+        return exceptions;
+    }
 
     static abstract class Test {
 
@@ -76,37 +95,65 @@ public class ConnectState {
                 check(!sc.isConnectionPending(), "!isConnectionPending");
                 check(sc.isOpen(), "isOpen");
                 break;
+            case ST_PENDING_OR_CONNECTED:
+                check(sc.isConnected() || sc.isConnectionPending(),
+                        "isConnected || isConnectionPending");
+                check(sc.isOpen(), "isOpen");
+                break;
             }
         }
 
-        Test(String name, Class exception, int state) throws Exception {
+        Test(String name, Class<?> exception, int state) throws Exception {
+            this(name, expectedExceptions(exception), state);
+        }
+
+        // On some architecture we may need to accept several exceptions.
+        // For instance on Solaris, when using a server colocated on the
+        // machine we cannot guarantee that we will get a
+        // ConnectionPendingException when connecting twice on the same
+        // non-blocking socket. We may instead get a an
+        // AlreadyConnectedException, which is also valid: it simply means
+        // that the first connection has been immediately accepted.
+        Test(String name, Collection<Class<?>> exceptions, int state)
+                throws Exception {
             SocketChannel sc = SocketChannel.open();
-            String note = null;
+            String note;
             try {
                 try {
                     note = go(sc);
                 } catch (Exception x) {
-                    if (exception != null) {
+                    Class<?> expectedExceptionClass = null;
+                    for (Class<?> exception : exceptions) {
                         if (exception.isInstance(x)) {
                             log.println(name + ": As expected: "
                                         + x);
+                            expectedExceptionClass = exception;
                             check(sc, state);
-                            return;
-                        } else {
-                            throw new Exception(name
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if (expectedExceptionClass == null
+                            && !exceptions.isEmpty()) {
+                        // we had an exception, but it's not of the set of
+                        // exceptions we expected.
+                        throw new Exception(name
                                                 + ": Incorrect exception",
                                                 x);
-                        }
-                    } else {
+                    } else if (exceptions.isEmpty()) {
+                        // we didn't expect any exception
                         throw new Exception(name
                                             + ": Unexpected exception",
                                             x);
                     }
+                    // if we reach here, we have our expected exception
+                    assert expectedExceptionClass != null;
+                    return;
                 }
-                if (exception != null)
+                if (!exceptions.isEmpty()) {
                     throw new Exception(name
                                         + ": Expected exception not thrown: "
-                                        + exception);
+                                        + exceptions.iterator().next());
+                }
                 check(sc, state);
                 log.println(name + ": Returned normally"
                             + ((note != null) ? ": " + note : ""));
@@ -123,6 +170,7 @@ public class ConnectState {
 
         new Test("Read unconnected", NotYetConnectedException.class,
                  ST_UNCONNECTED) {
+                @Override
                 String go(SocketChannel sc) throws Exception {
                     ByteBuffer b = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(1024);
                     sc.read(b);
@@ -131,19 +179,22 @@ public class ConnectState {
 
         new Test("Write unconnected", NotYetConnectedException.class,
                  ST_UNCONNECTED) {
+                @Override
                 String go(SocketChannel sc) throws Exception {
                     ByteBuffer b = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(1024);
                     sc.write(b);
                     return null;
                 }};
 
-        new Test("Simple connect", null, ST_CONNECTED) {
+        new Test("Simple connect", NONE, ST_CONNECTED) {
+                @Override
                 String go(SocketChannel sc) throws Exception {
                     sc.connect(remote);
                     return null;
                 }};
 
-        new Test("Simple connect & finish", null, ST_CONNECTED) {
+        new Test("Simple connect & finish", NONE, ST_CONNECTED) {
+                @Override
                 String go(SocketChannel sc) throws Exception {
                     sc.connect(remote);
                     if (!sc.finishConnect())
@@ -153,6 +204,7 @@ public class ConnectState {
 
         new Test("Double connect",
                  AlreadyConnectedException.class, ST_CONNECTED) {
+                @Override
                 String go(SocketChannel sc) throws Exception {
                     sc.connect(remote);
                     sc.connect(remote);
@@ -161,12 +213,16 @@ public class ConnectState {
 
         new Test("Finish w/o start",
                  NoConnectionPendingException.class, ST_UNCONNECTED) {
+                @Override
                 String go(SocketChannel sc) throws Exception {
                     sc.finishConnect();
                     return null;
                 }};
 
-        new Test("NB simple connect", null, ST_CONNECTED) {
+        // Note: using our local EchoServer rather than echo on a distant
+        //       host - we see that Tries to finish = 0 (instead of ~ 18).
+        new Test("NB simple connect", NONE, ST_CONNECTED) {
+                @Override
                 String go(SocketChannel sc) throws Exception {
                     sc.configureBlocking(false);
                     sc.connect(remote);
@@ -179,8 +235,15 @@ public class ConnectState {
                     return ("Tries to finish = " + n);
                 }};
 
+        // Note: using our local EchoServer rather than echo on a distant
+        //       host - we cannot guarantee that this test will get a
+        //       a ConnectionPendingException: it may get an
+        //       AlreadyConnectedException, so we should allow for both.
         new Test("NB double connect",
-                 ConnectionPendingException.class, ST_PENDING) {
+                 expectedExceptions(ConnectionPendingException.class,
+                                    AlreadyConnectedException.class),
+                 ST_PENDING_OR_CONNECTED) {
+                @Override
                 String go(SocketChannel sc) throws Exception {
                     sc.configureBlocking(false);
                     sc.connect(remote);
@@ -190,13 +253,15 @@ public class ConnectState {
 
         new Test("NB finish w/o start",
                  NoConnectionPendingException.class, ST_UNCONNECTED) {
+                @Override
                 String go(SocketChannel sc) throws Exception {
                     sc.configureBlocking(false);
                     sc.finishConnect();
                     return null;
                 }};
 
-        new Test("NB connect, B finish", null, ST_CONNECTED) {
+        new Test("NB connect, B finish", NONE, ST_CONNECTED) {
+                @Override
                 String go(SocketChannel sc) throws Exception {
                     sc.configureBlocking(false);
                     sc.connect(remote);
@@ -208,9 +273,12 @@ public class ConnectState {
     }
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        remote = new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getByName(REMOTE_HOST),
-                                       REMOTE_PORT);
-        tests();
+        try (TestServers.EchoServer echoServer
+                = TestServers.EchoServer.startNewServer(500)) {
+            remote = new InetSocketAddress(echoServer.getAddress(),
+                                           echoServer.getPort());
+            tests();
+        }
     }
 
 }
diff --git a/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/FinishConnect.java b/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/FinishConnect.java
index 3d53c986e..efcf38a43 100644
--- a/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/FinishConnect.java
+++ b/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/FinishConnect.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,21 +36,25 @@ import java.util.*;
 
 public class FinishConnect {
 
-    static final int DAYTIME_PORT = 13;
-    static final String DAYTIME_HOST = TestUtil.HOST;
-
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        test1(true, true);
-        test1(true, false);
-        test1(false, true);
-        test1(false, false);
-        test2();
+        try (TestServers.DayTimeServer dayTimeServer
+                = TestServers.DayTimeServer.startNewServer(100)) {
+            test1(dayTimeServer, true, true);
+            test1(dayTimeServer, true, false);
+            test1(dayTimeServer, false, true);
+            test1(dayTimeServer, false, false);
+            test2(dayTimeServer);
+        }
     }
 
-    static void test1(boolean select, boolean setBlocking) throws Exception {
+    static void test1(TestServers.DayTimeServer daytimeServer,
+                      boolean select,
+                      boolean setBlocking)
+        throws Exception
+    {
         InetSocketAddress isa
-            = new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getByName(DAYTIME_HOST),
-                                    DAYTIME_PORT);
+            = new InetSocketAddress(daytimeServer.getAddress(),
+                                    daytimeServer.getPort());
         SocketChannel sc = SocketChannel.open();
         sc.configureBlocking(false);
         boolean connected = sc.connect(isa);
@@ -109,15 +113,27 @@ public class FinishConnect {
         sc.close();
     }
 
-    static void test2() throws Exception {
+    static void test2(TestServers.DayTimeServer daytimeServer) throws Exception {
         InetSocketAddress isa
-            = new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getByName(DAYTIME_HOST),
-                                    DAYTIME_PORT);
+            = new InetSocketAddress(daytimeServer.getAddress(),
+                                    daytimeServer.getPort());
         boolean done = false;
         int globalAttempts = 0;
+        int connectSuccess = 0;
         while (!done) {
-            if (globalAttempts++ > 50)
+            // When using a local daytime server it is not always possible
+            // to get a pending connection, as sc.connect(isa) may always
+            // return true.
+            // So we're going to throw the exception only if there was
+            // at least 1 case where we did not manage to connect.
+            if (globalAttempts++ > 50) {
+                if (globalAttempts == connectSuccess + 1) {
+                    System.out.println("Can't fully test on "
+                            + System.getProperty("os.name"));
+                    break;
+                }
                 throw new RuntimeException("Failed to connect");
+            }
             SocketChannel sc = SocketChannel.open();
             sc.configureBlocking(false);
             boolean connected = sc.connect(isa);
@@ -132,6 +148,9 @@ public class FinishConnect {
                 }
                 Thread.sleep(10);
             }
+            if (connected) {
+                connectSuccess++;
+            }
             sc.close();
         }
     }
diff --git a/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/IsConnectable.java b/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/IsConnectable.java
index d646d194a..21bdd80b3 100644
--- a/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/IsConnectable.java
+++ b/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/IsConnectable.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -28,24 +28,19 @@
  */
 
 import java.net.*;
-import java.io.*;
-import java.nio.*;
 import java.nio.channels.*;
 import java.nio.channels.spi.SelectorProvider;
 import java.util.*;
 
 public class IsConnectable {
 
-    static final int DAYTIME_PORT = 13;
-    static final String DAYTIME_HOST = TestUtil.HOST;
-
-    static void test() throws Exception {
+    static void test(TestServers.DayTimeServer daytimeServer) throws Exception {
         InetSocketAddress isa
-            = new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getByName(DAYTIME_HOST),
-                                    DAYTIME_PORT);
+            = new InetSocketAddress(daytimeServer.getAddress(),
+                                    daytimeServer.getPort());
         SocketChannel sc = SocketChannel.open();
         sc.configureBlocking(false);
-        sc.connect(isa);
+        final boolean immediatelyConnected = sc.connect(isa);
 
         Selector selector = SelectorProvider.provider().openSelector();
         try {
@@ -67,7 +62,12 @@ public class IsConnectable {
                         throw new Exception("Test failed: 4737146 detected");
                 }
             } else {
-                throw new Exception("Select failed");
+                if (!immediatelyConnected) {
+                    throw new Exception("Select failed");
+                } else {
+                    System.out.println("IsConnectable couldn't be fully tested for "
+                            + System.getProperty("os.name"));
+                }
             }
         } finally {
             sc.close();
@@ -76,7 +76,10 @@ public class IsConnectable {
     }
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        test();
+        try (TestServers.DayTimeServer daytimeServer
+                = TestServers.DayTimeServer.startNewServer(100)) {
+            test(daytimeServer);
+        }
     }
 
 }
diff --git a/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/LocalAddress.java b/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/LocalAddress.java
index 1bcd0a189..03a038285 100644
--- a/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/LocalAddress.java
+++ b/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/LocalAddress.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2002, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2002, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -28,18 +28,20 @@
  */
 
 import java.net.*;
-import java.nio.*;
 import java.nio.channels.*;
 
 public class LocalAddress {
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        test1();
+        try (TestServers.EchoServer echoServer
+                = TestServers.EchoServer.startNewServer()) {
+            test1(echoServer);
+        }
     }
 
-    static void test1() throws Exception {
+    static void test1(TestServers.AbstractServer server) throws Exception {
         InetAddress bogus = InetAddress.getByName("0.0.0.0");
         InetSocketAddress saddr = new InetSocketAddress(
-            InetAddress.getByName(TestUtil.HOST), 23);
+            server.getAddress(), server.getPort());
 
         //Test1: connect only
         SocketChannel sc = SocketChannel.open();
diff --git a/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/Stream.java b/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/Stream.java
index 456363fbf..fadf0dc90 100644
--- a/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/Stream.java
+++ b/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/Stream.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2001, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,22 +27,17 @@
  * @library ..
  */
 
-import java.net.*;
 import java.io.*;
-import java.nio.*;
+import java.net.*;
 import java.nio.channels.*;
-import java.nio.charset.*;
 
 
 public class Stream {
 
-    static final int DAYTIME_PORT = 13;
-    static final String DAYTIME_HOST = TestUtil.HOST;
-
-    static void test() throws Exception {
+    static void test(TestServers.DayTimeServer daytimeServer) throws Exception {
         InetSocketAddress isa
-            = new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getByName(DAYTIME_HOST),
-                                    DAYTIME_PORT);
+            = new InetSocketAddress(daytimeServer.getAddress(),
+                                    daytimeServer.getPort());
         SocketChannel sc = SocketChannel.open();
         sc.connect(isa);
         sc.configureBlocking(false);
@@ -58,7 +53,9 @@ public class Stream {
     }
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        test();
+        try (TestServers.DayTimeServer dayTimeServer
+                = TestServers.DayTimeServer.startNewServer(100)) {
+            test(dayTimeServer);
+        }
     }
-
 }
diff --git a/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/VectorParams.java b/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/VectorParams.java
index 9696927c2..f90867f38 100644
--- a/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/VectorParams.java
+++ b/test/java/nio/channels/SocketChannel/VectorParams.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -27,31 +27,31 @@
  * @library ..
  */
 
-import java.net.*;
 import java.io.*;
+import java.net.*;
 import java.nio.*;
 import java.nio.channels.*;
-import java.nio.charset.*;
 
 public class VectorParams {
 
     static java.io.PrintStream out = System.out;
 
-    static final int DAYTIME_PORT = 13;
-    static final String DAYTIME_HOST = TestUtil.HOST;
     static final int testSize = 10;
     static ByteBuffer[] bufs = null;
     static InetSocketAddress isa = null;
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        initBufs();
-        testSocketChannelVectorParams();
-        testDatagramChannelVectorParams();
-        testPipeVectorParams();
-        testFileVectorParams();
+        try (TestServers.DayTimeServer daytimeServer
+                = TestServers.DayTimeServer.startNewServer(100)) {
+            initBufs(daytimeServer);
+            testSocketChannelVectorParams();
+            testDatagramChannelVectorParams();
+            testPipeVectorParams();
+            testFileVectorParams();
+        }
     }
 
-    static void initBufs() throws Exception {
+    static void initBufs(TestServers.DayTimeServer daytimeServer) throws Exception {
         bufs = new ByteBuffer[testSize];
         for(int i=0; i<testSize; i++) {
             String source = "buffer" + i;
@@ -59,8 +59,8 @@ public class VectorParams {
             bufs[i].put(source.getBytes("8859_1"));
             bufs[i].flip();
         }
-        isa =  new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getByName(DAYTIME_HOST),
-                                    DAYTIME_PORT);
+        isa = new InetSocketAddress(daytimeServer.getAddress(),
+                                    daytimeServer.getPort());
     }
 
     static void testSocketChannelVectorParams() throws Exception {
diff --git a/test/java/nio/channels/TestServers.java b/test/java/nio/channels/TestServers.java
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..22d452333
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/java/nio/channels/TestServers.java
@@ -0,0 +1,849 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/* Test utility classes
+ *
+ */
+
+import java.io.*;
+import java.net.*;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Date;
+import java.util.List;
+
+
+public class TestServers {
+
+    private TestServers() { }
+
+    /**
+     * An abstract server identifies a server which listens on a port on on a
+     * given machine.
+     */
+    static abstract class AbstractServer {
+
+        private AbstractServer() {
+        }
+
+        public abstract int getPort();
+
+        public abstract InetAddress getAddress();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A downgraded type of AbstractServer which will refuse connections. Note:
+     * use it once and throw it away - this implementation opens an anonymous
+     * socket and closes it, returning the address of the closed socket. If
+     * other servers are started afterwards, the address/port might get reused
+     * and become connectable again - so it's not a good idea to assume that
+     * connections using this address/port will always be refused. Connections
+     * will be refused as long as the address/port of the refusing server has
+     * not been reused.
+     */
+    static class RefusingServer extends AbstractServer {
+
+        final InetAddress address;
+        final int port;
+
+        private RefusingServer(InetAddress address, int port) {
+            this.address = address;
+            this.port = port;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int getPort() {
+            return port;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public InetAddress getAddress() {
+            return address;
+        }
+
+        public static RefusingServer startNewServer() throws IOException {
+            ServerSocket socket = new ServerSocket(0, 100,
+                    InetAddress.getLocalHost());
+            RefusingServer server = new RefusingServer(socket.getInetAddress(),
+                    socket.getLocalPort());
+            socket.close();
+            return server;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * An abstract class for implementing small TCP servers for the nio tests
+     * purposes. Disclaimer: This is a naive implementation that uses the old
+     * networking APIs (not those from {@code java.nio.*}) and shamelessly
+     * extends/creates Threads instead of using an executor service.
+     */
+    static abstract class AbstractTcpServer extends AbstractServer
+            implements Runnable, Closeable {
+
+        protected final long linger; // #of ms to wait before responding
+        private Thread acceptThread; // thread waiting for accept
+        // list of opened connections that should be closed on close.
+        private List<TcpConnectionThread> connections = new ArrayList<>();
+        private ServerSocket serverSocket; // the server socket
+        private boolean started = false; // whether the server is started
+        Throwable error = null;
+
+        /**
+         * Creates a new abstract TCP server.
+         *
+         * @param linger the amount of time the server should wait before
+         * responding to requests.
+         */
+        protected AbstractTcpServer(long linger) {
+            this.linger = linger;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * The local port to which the server is bound.
+         *
+         * @return The local port to which the server is bound.
+         * @exception IllegalStateException is thrown if the server is not
+         * started.
+         */
+        @Override
+        public final synchronized int getPort() {
+            if (!started) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Not started");
+            }
+            return serverSocket.getLocalPort();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * The local address to which the server is bound.
+         *
+         * @return The local address to which the server is bound.
+         * @exception IllegalStateException is thrown if the server is not
+         * started.
+         */
+        @Override
+        public final synchronized InetAddress getAddress() {
+            if (!started) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Not started");
+            }
+            return serverSocket.getInetAddress();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Tells whether the server is started.
+         *
+         * @return true if the server is started.
+         */
+        public final synchronized boolean isStarted() {
+            return started;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Creates a new server socket.
+         *
+         * @param port local port to bind to.
+         * @param backlog requested maximum length of the queue of incoming
+         * connections.
+         * @param address local address to bind to.
+         * @return a new bound server socket ready to accept connections.
+         * @throws IOException if the socket cannot be created or bound.
+         */
+        protected ServerSocket newServerSocket(int port, int backlog,
+                InetAddress address)
+                throws IOException {
+            return new ServerSocket(port, backlog, address);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Starts listening for connections.
+         *
+         * @throws IOException if the server socket cannot be created or bound.
+         */
+        public final synchronized void start() throws IOException {
+            if (started) {
+                return;
+            }
+            final ServerSocket socket =
+                    newServerSocket(0, 100, InetAddress.getLocalHost());
+            serverSocket = socket;
+            acceptThread = new Thread(this);
+            acceptThread.setDaemon(true);
+            acceptThread.start();
+            started = true;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Calls {@code Thread.sleep(linger);}
+         */
+        protected final void lingerIfRequired() {
+            if (linger > 0) {
+                try {
+                    Thread.sleep(linger);
+                } catch (InterruptedException x) {
+                    Thread.interrupted();
+                    final ServerSocket socket = serverSocket();
+                    if (socket != null && !socket.isClosed()) {
+                        System.err.println("Thread interrupted...");
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        final synchronized ServerSocket serverSocket() {
+            return this.serverSocket;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * The main accept loop.
+         */
+        @Override
+        public final void run() {
+            final ServerSocket sSocket = serverSocket();
+            try {
+                Socket s;
+                while (isStarted() && !Thread.interrupted()
+                        && (s = sSocket.accept()) != null) {
+                    lingerIfRequired();
+                    listen(s);
+                }
+            } catch (Exception x) {
+                error = x;
+            } finally {
+                synchronized (this) {
+                    if (!sSocket.isClosed()) {
+                        try {
+                            sSocket.close();
+                        } catch (IOException x) {
+                            System.err.println("Failed to close server socket");
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if (started && this.serverSocket == sSocket) {
+                        started = false;
+                        this.serverSocket = null;
+                        this.acceptThread = null;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Represents a connection accepted by the server.
+         */
+        protected abstract class TcpConnectionThread extends Thread {
+
+            protected final Socket socket;
+
+            protected TcpConnectionThread(Socket socket) {
+                this.socket = socket;
+                this.setDaemon(true);
+            }
+
+            public void close() throws IOException {
+                socket.close();
+                interrupt();
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Creates a new TcpConnnectionThread to handle the connection through
+         * an accepted socket.
+         *
+         * @param s the socket returned by {@code serverSocket.accept()}.
+         * @return a new TcpConnnectionThread to handle the connection through
+         * an accepted socket.
+         */
+        protected abstract TcpConnectionThread createConnection(Socket s);
+
+        /**
+         * Creates and starts a new TcpConnectionThread to handle the accepted
+         * socket.
+         *
+         * @param s the socket returned by {@code serverSocket.accept()}.
+         */
+        private synchronized void listen(Socket s) {
+            TcpConnectionThread c = createConnection(s);
+            c.start();
+            addConnection(c);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Add the connection to the list of accepted connections.
+         *
+         * @param connection an accepted connection.
+         */
+        protected synchronized void addConnection(
+                TcpConnectionThread connection) {
+            connections.add(connection);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Remove the connection from the list of accepted connections.
+         *
+         * @param connection an accepted connection.
+         */
+        protected synchronized void removeConnection(
+                TcpConnectionThread connection) {
+            connections.remove(connection);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Close the server socket and all the connections present in the list
+         * of accepted connections.
+         *
+         * @throws IOException
+         */
+        @Override
+        public synchronized void close() throws IOException {
+            if (serverSocket != null && !serverSocket.isClosed()) {
+                serverSocket.close();
+            }
+            if (acceptThread != null) {
+                acceptThread.interrupt();
+            }
+            int failed = 0;
+            for (TcpConnectionThread c : connections) {
+                try {
+                    c.close();
+                } catch (IOException x) {
+                    // no matter - we're closing.
+                    failed++;
+                }
+            }
+            connections.clear();
+            if (failed > 0) {
+                throw new IOException("Failed to close some connections");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A small TCP Server that emulates the echo service for tests purposes. See
+     * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echo_Protocol This server uses an anonymous
+     * port - NOT the standard port 7. We don't guarantee that its behavior
+     * exactly matches the RFC - the only purpose of this server is to have
+     * something that responds to nio tests...
+     */
+    static final class EchoServer extends AbstractTcpServer {
+
+        public EchoServer() {
+            this(0L);
+        }
+
+        public EchoServer(long linger) {
+            super(linger);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected TcpConnectionThread createConnection(Socket s) {
+            return new EchoConnection(s);
+        }
+
+        private final class EchoConnection extends TcpConnectionThread {
+
+            public EchoConnection(Socket socket) {
+                super(socket);
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                try {
+                    final InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
+                    final OutputStream out = socket.getOutputStream();
+                    byte[] b = new byte[255];
+                    int n;
+                    while ((n = is.read(b)) > 0) {
+                        lingerIfRequired();
+                        out.write(b, 0, n);
+                    }
+                } catch (IOException io) {
+                    // fall through to finally
+                } finally {
+                    if (!socket.isClosed()) {
+                        try {
+                            socket.close();
+                        } catch (IOException x) {
+                            System.err.println(
+                                    "Failed to close echo connection socket");
+                        }
+                    }
+                    removeConnection(this);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        public static EchoServer startNewServer() throws IOException {
+            return startNewServer(0);
+        }
+
+        public static EchoServer startNewServer(long linger) throws IOException {
+            final EchoServer echoServer = new EchoServer(linger);
+            echoServer.start();
+            return echoServer;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A small TCP server that emulates the Day & Time service for tests
+     * purposes. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daytime_Protocol This server
+     * uses an anonymous port - NOT the standard port 13. We don't guarantee
+     * that its behavior exactly matches the RFC - the only purpose of this
+     * server is to have something that responds to nio tests...
+     */
+    static final class DayTimeServer extends AbstractTcpServer {
+
+        public DayTimeServer() {
+            this(0L);
+        }
+
+        public DayTimeServer(long linger) {
+            super(linger);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected TcpConnectionThread createConnection(Socket s) {
+            return new DayTimeServerConnection(s);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void addConnection(TcpConnectionThread connection) {
+            // do nothing - the connection just write the date and terminates.
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void removeConnection(TcpConnectionThread connection) {
+            // do nothing - we're not adding connections to the list...
+        }
+
+        private final class DayTimeServerConnection extends TcpConnectionThread {
+
+            public DayTimeServerConnection(Socket socket) {
+                super(socket);
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                try {
+                    final OutputStream out = socket.getOutputStream();
+                    lingerIfRequired();
+                    out.write(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis())
+                            .toString().getBytes("US-ASCII"));
+                    out.flush();
+                } catch (IOException io) {
+                    // fall through to finally
+                } finally {
+                    if (!socket.isClosed()) {
+                        try {
+                            socket.close();
+                        } catch (IOException x) {
+                            System.err.println(
+                                    "Failed to close echo connection socket");
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        public static DayTimeServer startNewServer()
+                throws IOException {
+            return startNewServer(0);
+        }
+
+        public static DayTimeServer startNewServer(long linger)
+                throws IOException {
+            final DayTimeServer daytimeServer = new DayTimeServer(linger);
+            daytimeServer.start();
+            return daytimeServer;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * An abstract class for implementing small UDP Servers for the nio tests
+     * purposes. Disclaimer: This is a naive implementation that uses the old
+     * networking APIs (not those from {@code java.nio.*}) and shamelessly
+     * extends/creates Threads instead of using an executor service.
+     */
+    static abstract class AbstractUdpServer extends AbstractServer
+            implements Runnable, Closeable {
+
+        protected final long linger; // #of ms to wait before responding
+        private Thread acceptThread; // thread waiting for packets
+        private DatagramSocket serverSocket; // the server socket
+        private boolean started = false; // whether the server is started
+        Throwable error = null;
+
+        /**
+         * Creates a new abstract UDP server.
+         *
+         * @param linger the amount of time the server should wait before
+         * responding to requests.
+         */
+        protected AbstractUdpServer(long linger) {
+            this.linger = linger;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * The local port to which the server is bound.
+         *
+         * @return The local port to which the server is bound.
+         * @exception IllegalStateException is thrown if the server is not
+         * started.
+         */
+        @Override
+        public final synchronized int getPort() {
+            if (!started) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Not started");
+            }
+            return serverSocket.getLocalPort();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * The local address to which the server is bound.
+         *
+         * @return The local address to which the server is bound.
+         * @exception IllegalStateException is thrown if the server is not
+         * started.
+         */
+        @Override
+        public final synchronized InetAddress getAddress() {
+            if (!started) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Not started");
+            }
+            return serverSocket.getLocalAddress();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Tells whether the server is started.
+         *
+         * @return true if the server is started.
+         */
+        public final synchronized boolean isStarted() {
+            return started;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Creates a new datagram socket.
+         *
+         * @param port local port to bind to.
+         * @param address local address to bind to.
+         * @return a new bound server socket ready to listen for packets.
+         * @throws IOException if the socket cannot be created or bound.
+         */
+        protected DatagramSocket newDatagramSocket(int port,
+                InetAddress address)
+                throws IOException {
+            return new DatagramSocket(port, address);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Starts listening for connections.
+         *
+         * @throws IOException if the server socket cannot be created or bound.
+         */
+        public final synchronized void start() throws IOException {
+            if (started) {
+                return;
+            }
+            final DatagramSocket socket =
+                    newDatagramSocket(0, InetAddress.getLocalHost());
+            serverSocket = socket;
+            acceptThread = new Thread(this);
+            acceptThread.setDaemon(true);
+            acceptThread.start();
+            started = true;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Calls {@code Thread.sleep(linger);}
+         */
+        protected final void lingerIfRequired() {
+            if (linger > 0) {
+                try {
+                    Thread.sleep(linger);
+                } catch (InterruptedException x) {
+                    Thread.interrupted();
+                    final DatagramSocket socket = serverSocket();
+                    if (socket != null && !socket.isClosed()) {
+                        System.err.println("Thread interrupted...");
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        final synchronized DatagramSocket serverSocket() {
+            return this.serverSocket;
+        }
+
+        final synchronized boolean send(DatagramSocket socket,
+                DatagramPacket response) throws IOException {
+            if (!socket.isClosed()) {
+                socket.send(response);
+                return true;
+            } else {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * The main receive loop.
+         */
+        @Override
+        public final void run() {
+            final DatagramSocket sSocket = serverSocket();
+            try {
+                final int size = Math.max(1024, sSocket.getReceiveBufferSize());
+                if (size > sSocket.getReceiveBufferSize()) {
+                    sSocket.setReceiveBufferSize(size);
+                }
+                while (isStarted() && !Thread.interrupted() && !sSocket.isClosed()) {
+                    final byte[] buf = new byte[size];
+                    final DatagramPacket packet =
+                            new DatagramPacket(buf, buf.length);
+                    lingerIfRequired();
+                    sSocket.receive(packet);
+                    //System.out.println("Received packet from: "
+                    //        + packet.getAddress()+":"+packet.getPort());
+                    handle(sSocket, packet);
+                }
+            } catch (Exception x) {
+                error = x;
+            } finally {
+                synchronized (this) {
+                    if (!sSocket.isClosed()) {
+                        sSocket.close();
+                    }
+                    if (started && this.serverSocket == sSocket) {
+                        started = false;
+                        this.serverSocket = null;
+                        this.acceptThread = null;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Represents an UDP request received by the server.
+         */
+        protected abstract class UdpRequestThread extends Thread {
+
+            protected final DatagramPacket request;
+            protected final DatagramSocket socket;
+
+            protected UdpRequestThread(DatagramSocket socket, DatagramPacket request) {
+                this.socket = socket;
+                this.request = request;
+                this.setDaemon(true);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Creates a new UdpRequestThread to handle a DatagramPacket received
+         * through a DatagramSocket.
+         *
+         * @param socket the socket through which the request was received.
+         * @param request the datagram packet received through the socket.
+         * @return a new UdpRequestThread to handle the request received through
+         * a DatagramSocket.
+         */
+        protected abstract UdpRequestThread createConnection(DatagramSocket socket,
+                DatagramPacket request);
+
+        /**
+         * Creates and starts a new UdpRequestThread to handle the received
+         * datagram packet.
+         *
+         * @param socket the socket through which the request was received.
+         * @param request the datagram packet received through the socket.
+         */
+        private synchronized void handle(DatagramSocket socket,
+                DatagramPacket request) {
+            UdpRequestThread c = createConnection(socket, request);
+            // c can be null if the request requires no response.
+            if (c != null) {
+                c.start();
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Close the server socket.
+         *
+         * @throws IOException
+         */
+        @Override
+        public synchronized void close() throws IOException {
+            if (serverSocket != null && !serverSocket.isClosed()) {
+                serverSocket.close();
+            }
+            if (acceptThread != null) {
+                acceptThread.interrupt();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A small UDP Server that emulates the discard service for tests purposes.
+     * See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discard_Protocol This server uses an
+     * anonymous port - NOT the standard port 9. We don't guarantee that its
+     * behavior exactly matches the RFC - the only purpose of this server is to
+     * have something that responds to nio tests...
+     */
+    static final class UdpDiscardServer extends AbstractUdpServer {
+
+        public UdpDiscardServer() {
+            this(0L);
+        }
+
+        public UdpDiscardServer(long linger) {
+            super(linger);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected UdpRequestThread createConnection(DatagramSocket socket,
+                DatagramPacket request) {
+            // no response required
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        public static UdpDiscardServer startNewServer() throws IOException {
+            return startNewServer(0);
+        }
+
+        public static UdpDiscardServer startNewServer(long linger) throws IOException {
+            final UdpDiscardServer discardServer = new UdpDiscardServer(linger);
+            discardServer.start();
+            return discardServer;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A small UDP Server that emulates the echo service for tests purposes. See
+     * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echo_Protocol This server uses an anonymous
+     * port - NOT the standard port 7. We don't guarantee that its behavior
+     * exactly matches the RFC - the only purpose of this server is to have
+     * something that responds to nio tests...
+     */
+    static final class UdpEchoServer extends AbstractUdpServer {
+
+        public UdpEchoServer() {
+            this(0L);
+        }
+
+        public UdpEchoServer(long linger) {
+            super(linger);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected UdpEchoRequest createConnection(DatagramSocket socket,
+                DatagramPacket request) {
+            return new UdpEchoRequest(socket, request);
+        }
+
+        private final class UdpEchoRequest extends UdpRequestThread {
+
+            public UdpEchoRequest(DatagramSocket socket, DatagramPacket request) {
+                super(socket, request);
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                try {
+                    lingerIfRequired();
+                    final DatagramPacket response =
+                            new DatagramPacket(request.getData(),
+                                    request.getOffset(), request.getLength(),
+                                    request.getAddress(), request.getPort());
+                    send(socket, response);
+                } catch (IOException io) {
+                    System.err.println("Failed to send response: " + io);
+                    io.printStackTrace(System.err);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        public static UdpEchoServer startNewServer() throws IOException {
+            return startNewServer(0);
+        }
+
+        public static UdpEchoServer startNewServer(long linger) throws IOException {
+            final UdpEchoServer echoServer = new UdpEchoServer(linger);
+            echoServer.start();
+            return echoServer;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A small UDP server that emulates the Day & Time service for tests
+     * purposes. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daytime_Protocol This server
+     * uses an anonymous port - NOT the standard port 13. We don't guarantee
+     * that its behavior exactly matches the RFC - the only purpose of this
+     * server is to have something that responds to nio tests...
+     */
+    static final class UdpDayTimeServer extends AbstractUdpServer {
+
+        public UdpDayTimeServer() {
+            this(0L);
+        }
+
+        public UdpDayTimeServer(long linger) {
+            super(linger);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected UdpDayTimeRequestThread createConnection(DatagramSocket socket,
+                DatagramPacket request) {
+            return new UdpDayTimeRequestThread(socket, request);
+        }
+
+        private final class UdpDayTimeRequestThread extends UdpRequestThread {
+
+            public UdpDayTimeRequestThread(DatagramSocket socket,
+                    DatagramPacket request) {
+                super(socket, request);
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                try {
+                    lingerIfRequired();
+                    final byte[] data = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis())
+                            .toString().getBytes("US-ASCII");
+                    final DatagramPacket response =
+                            new DatagramPacket(data, 0, data.length,
+                                    request.getAddress(), request.getPort());
+                    send(socket, response);
+                } catch (IOException io) {
+                    System.err.println("Failed to send response: " + io);
+                    io.printStackTrace(System.err);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        public static UdpDayTimeServer startNewServer() throws IOException {
+            return startNewServer(0);
+        }
+
+        public static UdpDayTimeServer startNewServer(long linger)
+                throws IOException {
+            final UdpDayTimeServer echoServer = new UdpDayTimeServer(linger);
+            echoServer.start();
+            return echoServer;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/java/nio/channels/TestUtil.java b/test/java/nio/channels/TestUtil.java
index f06ffc4a8..5fbdf9ce4 100644
--- a/test/java/nio/channels/TestUtil.java
+++ b/test/java/nio/channels/TestUtil.java
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 
 import java.io.*;
 import java.net.*;
-import java.nio.*;
 import java.nio.channels.*;
 import java.util.Random;
 
@@ -36,9 +35,6 @@ public class TestUtil {
 
     // Test hosts used by the channels tests - change these when
     // executing in a different network.
-    public static final String HOST = "javaweb.sfbay.sun.com";
-    public static final String REFUSING_HOST = "jano1.sfbay.sun.com";
-    public static final String FAR_HOST = "irejano.ireland.sun.com";
     public static final String UNRESOLVABLE_HOST = "blah-blah.blah-blah.blah";
 
     private TestUtil() { }