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-rw-r--r--cmd/mtd.c473
1 files changed, 473 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/cmd/mtd.c b/cmd/mtd.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6142223984
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmd/mtd.c
@@ -0,0 +1,473 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
+/*
+ * mtd.c
+ *
+ * Generic command to handle basic operations on any memory device.
+ *
+ * Copyright: Bootlin, 2018
+ * Author: Miquèl Raynal <miquel.raynal@bootlin.com>
+ */
+
+#include <command.h>
+#include <common.h>
+#include <console.h>
+#include <malloc.h>
+#include <mapmem.h>
+#include <mtd.h>
+
+static uint mtd_len_to_pages(struct mtd_info *mtd, u64 len)
+{
+ do_div(len, mtd->writesize);
+
+ return len;
+}
+
+static bool mtd_is_aligned_with_min_io_size(struct mtd_info *mtd, u64 size)
+{
+ return !do_div(size, mtd->writesize);
+}
+
+static bool mtd_is_aligned_with_block_size(struct mtd_info *mtd, u64 size)
+{
+ return !do_div(size, mtd->erasesize);
+}
+
+static void mtd_dump_buf(const u8 *buf, uint len, uint offset)
+{
+ int i, j;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < len; ) {
+ printf("0x%08x:\t", offset + i);
+ for (j = 0; j < 8; j++)
+ printf("%02x ", buf[i + j]);
+ printf(" ");
+ i += 8;
+ for (j = 0; j < 8; j++)
+ printf("%02x ", buf[i + j]);
+ printf("\n");
+ i += 8;
+ }
+}
+
+static void mtd_dump_device_buf(struct mtd_info *mtd, u64 start_off,
+ const u8 *buf, u64 len, bool woob)
+{
+ bool has_pages = mtd->type == MTD_NANDFLASH ||
+ mtd->type == MTD_MLCNANDFLASH;
+ int npages = mtd_len_to_pages(mtd, len);
+ uint page;
+
+ if (has_pages) {
+ for (page = 0; page < npages; page++) {
+ u64 data_off = page * mtd->writesize;
+
+ printf("\nDump %d data bytes from 0x%08llx:\n",
+ mtd->writesize, start_off + data_off);
+ mtd_dump_buf(&buf[data_off],
+ mtd->writesize, start_off + data_off);
+
+ if (woob) {
+ u64 oob_off = page * mtd->oobsize;
+
+ printf("Dump %d OOB bytes from page at 0x%08llx:\n",
+ mtd->oobsize, start_off + data_off);
+ mtd_dump_buf(&buf[len + oob_off],
+ mtd->oobsize, 0);
+ }
+ }
+ } else {
+ printf("\nDump %lld data bytes from 0x%llx:\n",
+ len, start_off);
+ mtd_dump_buf(buf, len, start_off);
+ }
+}
+
+static void mtd_show_parts(struct mtd_info *mtd, int level)
+{
+ struct mtd_info *part;
+ int i;
+
+ list_for_each_entry(part, &mtd->partitions, node) {
+ for (i = 0; i < level; i++)
+ printf("\t");
+ printf(" - 0x%012llx-0x%012llx : \"%s\"\n",
+ part->offset, part->offset + part->size, part->name);
+
+ mtd_show_parts(part, level + 1);
+ }
+}
+
+static void mtd_show_device(struct mtd_info *mtd)
+{
+ /* Device */
+ printf("* %s\n", mtd->name);
+#if defined(CONFIG_DM)
+ if (mtd->dev) {
+ printf(" - device: %s\n", mtd->dev->name);
+ printf(" - parent: %s\n", mtd->dev->parent->name);
+ printf(" - driver: %s\n", mtd->dev->driver->name);
+ }
+#endif
+
+ /* MTD device information */
+ printf(" - type: ");
+ switch (mtd->type) {
+ case MTD_RAM:
+ printf("RAM\n");
+ break;
+ case MTD_ROM:
+ printf("ROM\n");
+ break;
+ case MTD_NORFLASH:
+ printf("NOR flash\n");
+ break;
+ case MTD_NANDFLASH:
+ printf("NAND flash\n");
+ break;
+ case MTD_DATAFLASH:
+ printf("Data flash\n");
+ break;
+ case MTD_UBIVOLUME:
+ printf("UBI volume\n");
+ break;
+ case MTD_MLCNANDFLASH:
+ printf("MLC NAND flash\n");
+ break;
+ case MTD_ABSENT:
+ default:
+ printf("Unknown\n");
+ break;
+ }
+
+ printf(" - block size: 0x%x bytes\n", mtd->erasesize);
+ printf(" - min I/O: 0x%x bytes\n", mtd->writesize);
+
+ if (mtd->oobsize) {
+ printf(" - OOB size: %u bytes\n", mtd->oobsize);
+ printf(" - OOB available: %u bytes\n", mtd->oobavail);
+ }
+
+ if (mtd->ecc_strength) {
+ printf(" - ECC strength: %u bits\n", mtd->ecc_strength);
+ printf(" - ECC step size: %u bytes\n", mtd->ecc_step_size);
+ printf(" - bitflip threshold: %u bits\n",
+ mtd->bitflip_threshold);
+ }
+
+ printf(" - 0x%012llx-0x%012llx : \"%s\"\n",
+ mtd->offset, mtd->offset + mtd->size, mtd->name);
+
+ /* MTD partitions, if any */
+ mtd_show_parts(mtd, 1);
+}
+
+/* Logic taken from fs/ubifs/recovery.c:is_empty() */
+static bool mtd_oob_write_is_empty(struct mtd_oob_ops *op)
+{
+ int i;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < op->len; i++)
+ if (op->datbuf[i] != 0xff)
+ return false;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < op->ooblen; i++)
+ if (op->oobbuf[i] != 0xff)
+ return false;
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+static int do_mtd_list(void)
+{
+ struct mtd_info *mtd;
+ int dev_nb = 0;
+
+ /* Ensure all devices (and their partitions) are probed */
+ mtd_probe_devices();
+
+ printf("List of MTD devices:\n");
+ mtd_for_each_device(mtd) {
+ if (!mtd_is_partition(mtd))
+ mtd_show_device(mtd);
+
+ dev_nb++;
+ }
+
+ if (!dev_nb) {
+ printf("No MTD device found\n");
+ return CMD_RET_FAILURE;
+ }
+
+ return CMD_RET_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static int mtd_special_write_oob(struct mtd_info *mtd, u64 off,
+ struct mtd_oob_ops *io_op,
+ bool write_empty_pages, bool woob)
+{
+ int ret = 0;
+
+ /*
+ * By default, do not write an empty page.
+ * Skip it by simulating a successful write.
+ */
+ if (!write_empty_pages && mtd_oob_write_is_empty(io_op)) {
+ io_op->retlen = mtd->writesize;
+ io_op->oobretlen = woob ? mtd->oobsize : 0;
+ } else {
+ ret = mtd_write_oob(mtd, off, io_op);
+ }
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static int do_mtd(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[])
+{
+ struct mtd_info *mtd;
+ const char *cmd;
+ char *mtd_name;
+
+ /* All MTD commands need at least two arguments */
+ if (argc < 2)
+ return CMD_RET_USAGE;
+
+ /* Parse the command name and its optional suffixes */
+ cmd = argv[1];
+
+ /* List the MTD devices if that is what the user wants */
+ if (strcmp(cmd, "list") == 0)
+ return do_mtd_list();
+
+ /*
+ * The remaining commands require also at least a device ID.
+ * Check the selected device is valid. Ensure it is probed.
+ */
+ if (argc < 3)
+ return CMD_RET_USAGE;
+
+ mtd_name = argv[2];
+ mtd_probe_devices();
+ mtd = get_mtd_device_nm(mtd_name);
+ if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(mtd)) {
+ printf("MTD device %s not found, ret %ld\n",
+ mtd_name, PTR_ERR(mtd));
+ return CMD_RET_FAILURE;
+ }
+ put_mtd_device(mtd);
+
+ argc -= 3;
+ argv += 3;
+
+ /* Do the parsing */
+ if (!strncmp(cmd, "read", 4) || !strncmp(cmd, "dump", 4) ||
+ !strncmp(cmd, "write", 5)) {
+ bool has_pages = mtd->type == MTD_NANDFLASH ||
+ mtd->type == MTD_MLCNANDFLASH;
+ bool dump, read, raw, woob, write_empty_pages;
+ struct mtd_oob_ops io_op = {};
+ uint user_addr = 0, npages;
+ u64 start_off, off, len, remaining, default_len;
+ u32 oob_len;
+ u8 *buf;
+ int ret;
+
+ dump = !strncmp(cmd, "dump", 4);
+ read = dump || !strncmp(cmd, "read", 4);
+ raw = strstr(cmd, ".raw");
+ woob = strstr(cmd, ".oob");
+ write_empty_pages = !has_pages || strstr(cmd, ".dontskipff");
+
+ if (!dump) {
+ if (!argc)
+ return CMD_RET_USAGE;
+
+ user_addr = simple_strtoul(argv[0], NULL, 16);
+ argc--;
+ argv++;
+ }
+
+ start_off = argc > 0 ? simple_strtoul(argv[0], NULL, 16) : 0;
+ if (!mtd_is_aligned_with_min_io_size(mtd, start_off)) {
+ printf("Offset not aligned with a page (0x%x)\n",
+ mtd->writesize);
+ return CMD_RET_FAILURE;
+ }
+
+ default_len = dump ? mtd->writesize : mtd->size;
+ len = argc > 1 ? simple_strtoul(argv[1], NULL, 16) :
+ default_len;
+ if (!mtd_is_aligned_with_min_io_size(mtd, len)) {
+ len = round_up(len, mtd->writesize);
+ printf("Size not on a page boundary (0x%x), rounding to 0x%llx\n",
+ mtd->writesize, len);
+ }
+
+ remaining = len;
+ npages = mtd_len_to_pages(mtd, len);
+ oob_len = woob ? npages * mtd->oobsize : 0;
+
+ if (dump)
+ buf = kmalloc(len + oob_len, GFP_KERNEL);
+ else
+ buf = map_sysmem(user_addr, 0);
+
+ if (!buf) {
+ printf("Could not map/allocate the user buffer\n");
+ return CMD_RET_FAILURE;
+ }
+
+ if (has_pages)
+ printf("%s %lld byte(s) (%d page(s)) at offset 0x%08llx%s%s%s\n",
+ read ? "Reading" : "Writing", len, npages, start_off,
+ raw ? " [raw]" : "", woob ? " [oob]" : "",
+ !read && write_empty_pages ? " [dontskipff]" : "");
+ else
+ printf("%s %lld byte(s) at offset 0x%08llx\n",
+ read ? "Reading" : "Writing", len, start_off);
+
+ io_op.mode = raw ? MTD_OPS_RAW : MTD_OPS_AUTO_OOB;
+ io_op.len = has_pages ? mtd->writesize : len;
+ io_op.ooblen = woob ? mtd->oobsize : 0;
+ io_op.datbuf = buf;
+ io_op.oobbuf = woob ? &buf[len] : NULL;
+
+ /* Search for the first good block after the given offset */
+ off = start_off;
+ while (mtd_block_isbad(mtd, off))
+ off += mtd->erasesize;
+
+ /* Loop over the pages to do the actual read/write */
+ while (remaining) {
+ /* Skip the block if it is bad */
+ if (mtd_is_aligned_with_block_size(mtd, off) &&
+ mtd_block_isbad(mtd, off)) {
+ off += mtd->erasesize;
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ if (read)
+ ret = mtd_read_oob(mtd, off, &io_op);
+ else
+ ret = mtd_special_write_oob(mtd, off, &io_op,
+ write_empty_pages,
+ woob);
+
+ if (ret) {
+ printf("Failure while %s at offset 0x%llx\n",
+ read ? "reading" : "writing", off);
+ return CMD_RET_FAILURE;
+ }
+
+ off += io_op.retlen;
+ remaining -= io_op.retlen;
+ io_op.datbuf += io_op.retlen;
+ io_op.oobbuf += io_op.oobretlen;
+ }
+
+ if (!ret && dump)
+ mtd_dump_device_buf(mtd, start_off, buf, len, woob);
+
+ if (dump)
+ kfree(buf);
+ else
+ unmap_sysmem(buf);
+
+ if (ret) {
+ printf("%s on %s failed with error %d\n",
+ read ? "Read" : "Write", mtd->name, ret);
+ return CMD_RET_FAILURE;
+ }
+
+ } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "erase")) {
+ bool scrub = strstr(cmd, ".dontskipbad");
+ struct erase_info erase_op = {};
+ u64 off, len;
+ int ret;
+
+ off = argc > 0 ? simple_strtoul(argv[0], NULL, 16) : 0;
+ len = argc > 1 ? simple_strtoul(argv[1], NULL, 16) : mtd->size;
+
+ if (!mtd_is_aligned_with_block_size(mtd, off)) {
+ printf("Offset not aligned with a block (0x%x)\n",
+ mtd->erasesize);
+ return CMD_RET_FAILURE;
+ }
+
+ if (!mtd_is_aligned_with_block_size(mtd, len)) {
+ printf("Size not a multiple of a block (0x%x)\n",
+ mtd->erasesize);
+ return CMD_RET_FAILURE;
+ }
+
+ printf("Erasing 0x%08llx ... 0x%08llx (%d eraseblock(s))\n",
+ off, off + len - 1, mtd_div_by_eb(len, mtd));
+
+ erase_op.mtd = mtd;
+ erase_op.addr = off;
+ erase_op.len = len;
+ erase_op.scrub = scrub;
+
+ while (erase_op.len) {
+ ret = mtd_erase(mtd, &erase_op);
+
+ /* Abort if its not a bad block error */
+ if (ret != -EIO)
+ break;
+
+ printf("Skipping bad block at 0x%08llx\n",
+ erase_op.fail_addr);
+
+ /* Skip bad block and continue behind it */
+ erase_op.len -= erase_op.fail_addr - erase_op.addr;
+ erase_op.len -= mtd->erasesize;
+ erase_op.addr = erase_op.fail_addr + mtd->erasesize;
+ }
+
+ if (ret && ret != -EIO)
+ return CMD_RET_FAILURE;
+ } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "bad")) {
+ loff_t off;
+
+ if (!mtd_can_have_bb(mtd)) {
+ printf("Only NAND-based devices can have bad blocks\n");
+ return CMD_RET_SUCCESS;
+ }
+
+ printf("MTD device %s bad blocks list:\n", mtd->name);
+ for (off = 0; off < mtd->size; off += mtd->erasesize)
+ if (mtd_block_isbad(mtd, off))
+ printf("\t0x%08llx\n", off);
+ } else {
+ return CMD_RET_USAGE;
+ }
+
+ return CMD_RET_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static char mtd_help_text[] =
+#ifdef CONFIG_SYS_LONGHELP
+ "- generic operations on memory technology devices\n\n"
+ "mtd list\n"
+ "mtd read[.raw][.oob] <name> <addr> [<off> [<size>]]\n"
+ "mtd dump[.raw][.oob] <name> [<off> [<size>]]\n"
+ "mtd write[.raw][.oob][.dontskipff] <name> <addr> [<off> [<size>]]\n"
+ "mtd erase[.dontskipbad] <name> [<off> [<size>]]\n"
+ "\n"
+ "Specific functions:\n"
+ "mtd bad <name>\n"
+ "\n"
+ "With:\n"
+ "\t<name>: NAND partition/chip name\n"
+ "\t<addr>: user address from/to which data will be retrieved/stored\n"
+ "\t<off>: offset in <name> in bytes (default: start of the part)\n"
+ "\t\t* must be block-aligned for erase\n"
+ "\t\t* must be page-aligned otherwise\n"
+ "\t<size>: length of the operation in bytes (default: the entire device)\n"
+ "\t\t* must be a multiple of a block for erase\n"
+ "\t\t* must be a multiple of a page otherwise (special case: default is a page with dump)\n"
+ "\n"
+ "The .dontskipff option forces writing empty pages, don't use it if unsure.\n"
+#endif
+ "";
+
+U_BOOT_CMD(mtd, 10, 1, do_mtd, "MTD utils", mtd_help_text);
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